As we saw, every word around the noun has to agree in number. In other words, if the noun is singular, the adjective should be singular as well. This is a very important thing for the English speakers because adjectives in English are invariable, remain the same form in plural or singular.<\/p>\n
Una casa blanca (a white house) \/ Dos casas blancas (two white houses)<\/p>\n
Un ni\u00f1o rubio (a blond boy) \/ Dos ni\u00f1os rubios (two blond boys)<\/p>\n
To form the plural from de singular form of an adjective is pretty much the same as we do with nouns. To make the plural form:<\/p>\n
– In singular adjectives ending in vowel add \u2013s<\/strong><\/p>\n Interesante \/ Interesantes (interesting) – In singular adjectives ending in consonant or accented vowel add \u2013es:<\/strong><\/p>\n fenomenal \/ fenomenales (phenomenal) – In singular adjectives ending in \u2013z we replace that by \u2013ces:<\/strong><\/p>\n voraz \/ voraces (voracious) Adjectives need to agree in gender with the verb they are associated. That is to say if the noun is masculine the adjective that qualifies has to be masculine or in the opposite case, if it is a feminine noun the adjective needs to be feminine as well.<\/p>\n Un hombre alto (a tall man) \/ Una mujer alta (a tall woman)<\/p>\n To form the feminine, masculine adjectives ending in:<\/p>\n \u00a0-o, we replace that with \u2013a:<\/strong><\/p>\n feo \/ fea (ugly) -\u00e1n,-\u00edn,-\u00f3n,-or replaced by \u2013ana,-ina,-ona,-ora respectively:<\/strong><\/p>\n holgaz\u00e1n \/ holgazana (lazy) \u00a0-ior remains the same:<\/strong><\/p>\n inferior (lower) \/ superior (higher) franc\u00e9s \/ francesa (French) – Adjectives of nationality, ending in -a,-e,- i, -u remain the same:<\/strong><\/p>\n belga (Belgian) Spanish adjectives may be before or after the nouns they modify, depending on various factors. But, in general we can say that the most common position is after the noun, that means, in the opposite position that we find them in English language. Generally speaking, we can say that descriptive adjectives follow nouns usually, while limiting adjectives (such as demonstrative, indefinite, etc.) precede nouns.<\/p>\n Un coche negro (a black car)<\/p>\n Un d\u00eda soleado (a sunny day)<\/p>\n Adjectives usually go after the noun but sometimes there are other cases when the adjective goes before the noun. In these cases, the adjective is frequently modified loosing the last vowel or syllable. Even, sometimes this modified adjectives that go before the noun can change their meaning. We will see a few examples to illustrate this:<\/p>\n Un coche grande (a big car) \/ Un gran coche (a great car) Adjectives have two degrees of comparison: comparative and superlative.<\/p>\n We use the comparative degree when comparing two objects, persons, or ideas.a comparative adjective. To form a comparative adjective, in Spanish, you have to use m\u00e1s (more) or menos (less) or tan (the same):<\/p>\n Ella es m\u00e1s alta que yo (She is taller than I am) So, comparatives (comparativos) are said to refer to superiority (mas\u2026que), inferiority (menos\u2026que) or equality (tan\u2026como). The second element in the comparation can be:<\/p>\n – Another adjective: – A noun: – An adverb: – An adverb phrase: – A verb clause: -Bueno\/a\/os\/as (good) changes to mejor\/es (better) -Grande\/es (big) changes to mayor\/es (bigger) We use the superlative form when comparing three or more objects, persons, or ideas. There are two main groups of superlatives, the relative superlative and the absolute superlative.<\/p>\n The English forms \u201cthe most\u2026\u201d and \u201cthe least\u2026\u201d are usually called the relative superlative because the information they refer to is amongst an specific group. For Instance:<\/p>\n El ni\u00f1o m\u00e1s alto de la clase (The tallest boy in class) The absolute superlative is used to intensify the quality of the adjective. It is formed by \u201cmuy\u201d (very) + adjective or by adding -\u00edsimo, -\u00edsima, -\u00edsimos, or -\u00edsimas to the adjective or adverb. If the adjective ends in a vowel, you have to remove the vowel before attaching the endings. The absolute superlative does not strictly compare one thing to another, but states “a greater amount of\u201d. This can be translated into English by placing “very” before the adjective or adverb.<\/p>\n Es una persona muy simpatico (He\/She is a very nice person) Julia es una chica muy guapa (Julia is a very pretty girl) Bueno-Mejor-\u00d3ptimo (El resultado es \u00f3ptimo \/ The results are optimal) Alto-Superior-Supremo (Patatas de calidad suprema \/ Supreme quality potates) Peque\u00f1o-Menor-M\u00ednimo (No tiene un m\u00ednimo respeto \/ He doesn\u2019t have a minimum respect) There are some prefixes that are used in colloquial language to express the absolute superlative.<\/p>\n Super: Mar\u00eda es una chica supersincera (Mar\u00eda is a really sincere girl) How to say \u201cmore and more\u201d and \u201cless and less\u201d<\/p>\n Cada vez m\u00e1s (more and more): Cada vez menos (less and less):
\nGuapo \/ Guapos (handsome)
\nTonto \/ Tontos (silly)
\nBonito \/ Bonitos (beautiful)<\/p>\n
\nmarroqu\u00ed \/ marroqu\u00edes (Moroccan)
\nnormal \/ normales (normal)
\nhind\u00fa \/ hind\u00faes (Hindu)<\/p>\n
\nsagaz \/ sagaces (sagacious)
\ntenaz \/ tenaces (tenacious)<\/p>\nAdjectives agree in gender<\/h2>\n
\nguapo \/ guapa (handsome\/pretty)<\/p>\n
\nparlanch\u00edn \/ parlanchina (talkative)
\nbonach\u00f3n \/ bonachona (goody)
\ntrabajador \/ trabajadora (hardworking)<\/p>\n
\nanterior (previous) \/ posterior (later)
\nmejor (better) \/ peor (worse)<\/p>\n– Adjectives of nationality ending in consonant adding an \u2013a:<\/h2>\n
\ningl\u00e9s \/ inglesa (English)
\nalem\u00e1n \/ alemana (Dutch)<\/p>\n
\ncanadiense (Canadian)
\niraqu\u00ed (Iraki)<\/p>\nPosition of the adjective<\/h2>\n
Shortened forms of adjectives<\/h2>\n
\nMedio equipo (half the team) \/ Un equipo medio (an average group)
\nUn pobre hombre (a wretched ma) \/ Un hombre pobre (a poor man)
\nUn buen hombre (a harmless man) \/ Un hombre bueno (a good man)
\nUn \u00fanico espect\u00e1culo (a single concert) \/ Un concierto \u00fanico (a unique concert)<\/p>\nComparison of adjectives<\/h2>\n
Comparative<\/h2>\n
\nLa ciudad el menos tranquila que el pueblo (City is less calm than village)
\nInglaterra es tan fr\u00eda como Irlanda (England is as cold as Ireland)<\/p>\n
\nLos gatos son m\u00e1s listos que malos (cats are more clever than naughty)<\/p>\n
\nLos gatos son m\u00e1s peque\u00f1os que los tigres (cats are smaller than tigers)<\/p>\n
\nLos gatos son m\u00e1s limpios que antes (cats are cleaner than before)<\/p>\n
\nEn casa se come mejor que en un restaurante (You can eat better at home than in a restaurant)<\/p>\n
\nSabes m\u00e1s espa\u00f1ol de lo que piensas (You know more English than you think you do)<\/p>\nIrregular comparatives<\/h2>\n
\nLa playa es buena \/ La playa es mejor que la monta\u00f1a
\n(The beach is good \/ The beach is better that the mountain)<\/p>\n-Malo\/a\/os\/as (bad) changes to peor\/es (worse)
\nLa grasa es mala \/ La grasa es peor que la fibra
\n(Fat is bad \/ Fat is worse than fiber)<\/h3>\n
\nLondres es grande \/ Londres es mayor que Barcelona
\n(London is big \/ London is bigger than Barcelona)<\/p>\n-Peque\u00f1o\/a\/os\/as (small) changes to menor (Smaller)
\nBarcelona es peque\u00f1a \/ Barcelona es m\u00e1s peque\u00f1a que Londres
\n(Barcelona is small \/ Barcelona is smaller than London)<\/h3>\nSuperlative<\/h2>\n
The relative superlative<\/h2>\n
\nEl coche m\u00e1s r\u00e1pido del mundo (The fastest car in the world)
\nEl peor estudiante de la clase (the worst student of the class)
\nLa casa menos ordenada que he visto (the house less tided up I\u2019ve ever seen)<\/p>\nThe absolute superlative<\/h2>\n
\nEs una persona simpatiqu\u00edsima (He\/She is a very nice person)<\/p>\n
\nJulia es una chica guap\u00edsima (Julia is a very pretty girl)<\/p>\nIrregular absolute superlatives<\/h2>\n
\nMalo-Peor-P\u00e9simo (El hice un examen p\u00e9simo \/ I did a dreadful exam)<\/p>\n
\nBajo-Inferior-\u00cdnfimo (La diferencia es \u00ednfima \/ The difference is very tiny)<\/p>\n
\nGrande-Mayor-M\u00e1ximo (Es el m\u00e1ximo goleador \/ He is the best scorer)<\/p>\nInformal absolute superlatives<\/h2>\n
\nExtra: Una pizza extragrande (An extra sized pizza)
\nArchi: Ricardo es mi archienemigo (Ricardo is my archenemy)
\nRequete: El helado est\u00e1 requetebueno (The ice cream is really tasty)<\/p>\n
\nHace cada vez m\u00e1s fr\u00edo (It is more and more cold)<\/p>\n
\nEs cada vez menos interesante (It is less and less interesting)<\/p>\n